Carnatic music is a classical music tradition originated in South India with compositions typically written in south indian languages like Tamil. Telugu, and Kannada. Carnatic music originated in Karnataka and was named after it,known as Karnāṭaka Saṁgīta which spread through Andhra and Tamil countries where it was sumptuously nourished.
Carnatic music is usually performed by a small ensemble of musicians, consisting of a principal performer (usually a vocalist), a melodic accompaniment (usually a violin), a rhythm accompaniment (usually a mridangam), and a tambura, which acts as a drone throughout the performance. Although there are stylistic differences, the basic elements of śruti (the relative musical pitch), svara (the musical sound of a single note), rāga (the mode or melodic formulae), and tala (the rhythmic cycles) form the foundation of improvisation and composition in both Carnatic and Hindustani music.
Raga: | Gambheera Nattai | Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Dr.M. Balamurali Krishna | Language: | Telugu |
Raga: | Gambheera Nattai |
Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Dr.M. Balamurali Krishna |
Language: | Telugu |
This is a joyful Indian classical traditional classical piece that tries to bring out the happiness that the composition intends to spread through all the instruments and vocals used. This is a popular invocatory item in most of the vocal concerts, which set a happy mood and a good start. It extols the glory of a divine mother full of navarasas surrounded by sages transcending three gunas. With her eternal timeless bliss, the composition praises her that she can librarte all our past sins with a face of a hundred suns endowed with all good qualities.
Raga: | Nattai | Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri Muthuswami Dikshithar | Language: | Sanskrit |
Raga: | Nattai |
Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri Muthuswami Dikshithar |
Language: | Sanskrit |
The performance of a Ganesha song at the beginnings of musical concerts relates to Ganesha’s role as the Lord of beginnings, who is traditionally worshipped at the start of any venture. This composition praises Lord Ganesha, the remover of obstacles, and it is played as an invocation to seek his divine intervention to remove obstacles and grant blessings. Notably, this composition portrays Lord Ganesh’s love for modhakas and adoration of great sages Vashishta and Vamadeva, and Lord Skanda for his divine attributes.
Raga: | Suposhini | Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri Thyagaraja | Language: | Telugu |
Raga: | Suposhini |
Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri Thyagaraja |
Language: | Telugu |
Raminchu Varevaru Ra is a beautiful kriti composed by Saint Thyagaraja in which he explains the profound significance of Lord Sri Rama in everyone's life. This composition praises the six attributes of Lord Rama beginning with the control of mind. The word Sama means control upon his own mind, dama means control upon his physical body, titiksha means forbearance for the odds and evens of the nature, Samadhana means equanimity of all beings and having a sympathetic mind, uparati means indifference with a Sakshi type of mind, and finally Sraddha means sincere adherence to the words of guru and sastras, by word and deed. And even those who are considered as radiant celestial of the divine hierarchy are overwhelmed to understand the profound meaning of the name “Rama”.
Raga: | Madhyamavathi | Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri Mahakavi Oothukadu Venkata Subbaiyer | Language: | Tamil |
Raga: | Madhyamavathi |
Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri Mahakavi Oothukadu Venkata Subbaiyer |
Language: | Tamil |
Aadathu asangathu va kanna is a soulful tamil composition by Mahakavi Oothukadu Venkata Subbaiyer. This composition paints a vivid picture of the Baby Lord Krishna with his ecstatic movement that shakes the entire fourteen worlds that made Lord Shiva to visit Gokulam abandoning Chidambaram. And the devotees who visit to see Baby Krishna will be deeply upset if some evil eyes cast affect his divine movements like anklets jingling with his tiny baby feet. This is dedicated to all mothers for displaying the same love and affection that Yasodha showered over Krishna.
Raga: | Hindolam | Tala: | Rupakam |
Composer: | Shri Papanasam Sivan | Language: | Tamil |
Raga: | Hindolam |
Tala: | Rupakam |
Composer: | Shri Papanasam Sivan |
Language: | Tamil |
Shri Papnasam Sivan popularly called ‘Tamil Thyagaraja’ is from the 19th century. This composition praises both Lord Shiva and Lord Vishnu while seeing them as one despite various physical attributes. Lord Vishnu who sleeps in the milky ocean and father of love, and Lord Shiva who lives in the mountain and father of Muruga revolves around the concept of unity as the same divine being. This song uses multiple names and epithets in a thousand ways for both and concludes they are more merciful than a mother and protects those devotees who surrender at their holy divine feet.
Raga: | Revathi | Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri Dayanantha Saraswati | Language: | Sanskrit |
Raga: | Revathi |
Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri Dayanantha Saraswati |
Language: | Sanskrit |
Bho Shambho is a soulful Sanskrit composition by Shri. Dayanantha Saraswati. This composition praises merciful Lord Shiva, a cosmic dancer, depicting the grandeur and mystique of the celestial performance. Through the enchanting melody of Revathi Ragam, this composition describes virtues and qualities of Lord Shiva who is beyond the past, present, the future, and this world of five senses and five elements. This composition’s captivating melody and rhythmic sounds of dance make it a favorite among Carnatic music enthusiasts.
Raga: | Kambhoji | Tala: | Caapu |
Composer: | Shri Subramanya Bharathiyar | Language: | Tamil |
Raga: | Kambhoji |
Tala: | Caapu |
Composer: | Shri Subramanya Bharathiyar |
Language: | Tamil |
Shri Subramanya Bharathiyar popularly known by his title Bharati fought for the emancipation of women, against child marriage, and advocated reforms to the society and religion during the time of Indian Independence Movement. This composition calls upon Shakthi, the primordial cosmic energy and Parashakti the supreme force of the universe, followed by other Lords including Ganesha, Muruga, and Shiva. “Om Shakthi Om” is a formless energy that anyone can chant to connect with divine feminine energy without focusing on a specific goddess. This chant is used during meditation to enhance its effects.
Raga: | Cenjuruti | Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri OotukkaaDu VenkaTasubbaiyyar | Language: | Tamil |
Raga: | Cenjuruti |
Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri OotukkaaDu VenkaTasubbaiyyar |
Language: | Tamil |
This composition depicts the funny mischievous actions of Lord Krishna on Gopikas, when his mother Yasodha is not around. The composer uses direct quotes and shows how the tone of Gopikas changes throughout the song. This song succinctly showcases how a naughty but sweet boy at the start turned to a situation where Gopikas are tired of his playful actions like pulling the braid and pinching them to get Mukhari Raga. They are even stuck in a situation where they are threatened to not complain about him to his mother.
Raga: | Madhyamavathi | Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri Purandara Dasar | Language: | Tamil |
Raga: | Madhyamavathi |
Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Shri Purandara Dasar |
Language: | Tamil |
Shri Purandara Dasar is called the Carnatic Sangeetha Pitamaha because he systematized learning of Carnatic Sangeetham. He introduced pillari geethams and various other constructs by which Carnatic Sangeeta could be easily taught to the public. Prior to this only gifted people could be taught Sangeetam. This composition is a welcoming song of Goddess Mahalakshmi to the house by creating a positive and auspicious atmosphere which in turn bring in both materialistic and spiritual satisfaction - including six divine glories: Godliness, Strength, Knowledge, Fame, Prosperity, and Dispassion.
Raga: | Desh | Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Lalkudi Jayaraman | Language: | Tamil |
Raga: | Desh |
Tala: | Adi |
Composer: | Lalkudi Jayaraman |
Language: | Tamil |
A Thillana is a musical form in Carnatic music that is generally performed towards the end of a concert. This uses jathis (tala-like phrases) in the pallavi and anupallavi, and lyrics in the charanam. It is similar to tarana in Indian classical music which is fast-paced and is not made up of words but meaningless sounds like ta na dhim dere. This song ends with Vande Mataram, Indian National Song, composed by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee that shares the same Desh Raga.
Raga: | Kurinji | Tala: | Eka |
Composer: | Bhadrachala Ramadasar | Language: | Telugu |
Raga: | Kurinji |
Tala: | Eka |
Composer: | Bhadrachala Ramadasar |
Language: | Telugu |
A mangalam is a closing piece to a Carnatic concert, often played to seek blessings and well-wishes for the audience and everyone present. The composition’s serene melody and positive vibes make it a perfect conclusion to a musical performance.